intrinsic worth

aestĭmātĭo, ōnis, f. [id.].

The estimating a thing according to its extrinsic (money) value, valuation, appraisement:

in censu habendo potestas omnis aestimationis habendae censori permittitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53: aestimatio frumenti, the determination of the prœtor ( legate or quœstor), how much ready money one should pay, instead of the corn which he was to furnish, id. ib. 2, 3, 92:

erat Athenis reo damnato, si fraus non capitalis esset, quasi poenae aestimatio,

i. e. a commutation of corporal punishment for a fine, id. de Or. 1, 54, 232.—So esp. litis or litium aestimatio, in Roman civil law, an estimating, valuation of the contested matter; in criminal law also, the stating how much the convicted person had to pay, an assessment of damages, Cic. Clu. 41, 116; id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45 (cf. lis aestimata, id. ib. 1, 13):

lex de multarum aestimatione,

Liv. 4, 30.— After the civil war, Cæsar, in order to enable debtors to cancel the demands against them, decreed an aestimatio possessionum, i. e. an estimation or appraisement of real estate, according to the value which it had before the war, and compelled the creditors to take this in payment instead of money; they were also obliged to deduct from the sum demanded any interest that had been paid; v. Caes. B. C. 3, 1; and Suet. Caes. 42. Hence, in aestimationem accipere, to accept or agree to such a valuation, or payment by real estate at a high price:

a Marco Laberio C. Albinius praedia in aestimationem accepit,

Cic. Fam. 13, 8.—And meton., with an allusion to the law of Cæsar: aestimationes [p. 62] = praedia, the real estate received in payment:

quando aestimationes tuas vendere non potes,

Cic. Fam. 9, 18. Since the creditor was a loser by this regulation, aestimationem accipere, to suffer injury or loss, id. ib. 16.—

Trop.

A valuation, i. e. an estimation of a thing according to its intrinsic worth (while existimatio denotes the consideration, regard due to an object on account of its nominal value):

bonum hoc est quidem plurimi aestimandum, sed ea aestimatio genere valet, non magnitudine,

Cic. Fin. 3, 10, 34; so 3, 13, 44;

3, 6: semper aestimationem arbitriumque ejus honoris penes senatum fuisse,

Liv. 3, 63:

semper infra aliorum aestimationes se metiens,

Vell. 1, 127; 97; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 67:

aestimatione rectā severus, deterius interpretantibus tristior habebatur,

Tac. H. 1, 14 al. —

Poet., the worth or value of a thing:

Quod me non movet aestimatione,

Cat. 12, 12.

* * *

aestĭmātor, ōris, m. [aestimo].

One that estimates a thing according to its extrinsic value, a valuer, appraiser:

frumenti,

Cic. Pis. 35 fin.:

callidi rerum aestimatores prata et areas quasdam magno aestimant,

id. Par. 6, 3.—

Trop., an estimator or valuer of a thing according to its intrinsic worth (while existimator is a judge):

nemo erit tam injustus rerum aestimator, qui dubitet, etc.,

Cic. Marcell. 5:

justus rerum aestimator,

id. Or. 41:

immodicus aestimator sui,

Curt. 8, 1 al.

argūmentum, i, n. [arguo].

A.. The means by which an assertion or assumption may be made clear, proved, an argument, evidence, proof (and in particular, that which rests upon facts, while ratio is that which depends upon reasoning):

argumentum est ratio, quae rei dubiae facit fidem,

Cic. Top. 2, 7: quid est argumentum? Probabile inventum ad faciendam fidem, id. Part. Or. 2:

argumentum est ratio probationem praestans, quā colligitur aliquid per aliud, et quae, quod est dubium, per id quod dubium non est, confirmat,

Quint. 5, 10, 11:

de eā re signa atque argumenta paucis verbis eloquar,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 35; 1, 1, 267; id. Rud. 4, 3, 84; id. Truc. 2, 6, 26 al.:

commemorando Argumenta fidem dictis conradere,

Lucr. 1, 401; so id. 1, 417:

argumenta multa et firma ad probandum,

Cic. Brut. 78, 272:

aliquid exemplis magis quam argumentis refellere,

id. de Or. 1, 19, 88:

argumento esse,

Liv. 5, 44; 39, 51:

litterae ad senatum missae argumentum fuere, etc.,

id. 8, 30:

In argumentum fidei retentum pallium ostendit marito,

Vulg. Gen. 39, 16; ib. Act. 1, 3:

inopia fecerat eam (rem parvam) argumentum ingens caritatis,

Liv. 5, 47:

libertatis argumentum,

Tac. G. 25:

Est fides argumentum non apparentium,

Vulg. Heb. 11, 22:

addit pro argumento,

Suet. Calig. 8:

velut argumentum rursus conditae urbis,

id. ib. 16:

levibus utrimque argumentis,

id. Galb. 7 et saep.—

A sign by which any thing is known, a mark, token, evidence:

animi laeti Argumenta,

signs, indications, Ov. M. 4, 762:

voti potentis,

id. ib. 8, 745: unguentarii myrrham digerunt haud difficulter odoris atque pinguetudinis argumentis, according to the indications of smell, etc., Plin. 12, 15, 35, § 68:

caelum quidem haud dubie caelati argumenti dicimus,

id. 2, 4, 3, § 8:

amoris hoc est argumentum, non malignitatis,

Petr. 137, 8:

argumenta viri, i. e. indicia,

Juv. 9, 85 al. —

The matter which lies at the basis of any written or artistic representation, contents, subject, theme, argument, hupothesis:

Argumentum plura significat. Nam et fabulae ad actum scaenicarum compositae argumenta dicuntur: et orationum Ciceronis velut thema ipse exponens Pedianus, argumentum, inquit, tale est: quo apparet omnem ad scribendum destinatam materiam ita appellari,

Quint. 5, 10, 9 and 10.

Of every kind of representation in writing.

Lit.:

argumentum est ficta res, quae tamen fieri potuit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 19; id. Att. 15, 4, 3:

tabulae novae, quid habent argumenti, nisi ut, etc.,

what is their drift? what do they mean? id. Off. 2, 23, 84:

epistulae,

id. Att. 10, 13; 9, 10; 1, 19.

But esp. freq., the subject-matter of a poem or fictitious writing, the subject, contents:

post argumentum hujus eloquar tragoediae,

Plaut. Am. prol. 51; cf. id. ib. 96; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 81:

argumentum narrare,

Ter. And. prol. 6:

fabulae,

id. Ad. prol. 22:

Livius Andronicus ab saturis ausus est primus argumento fabulam serere,

i. e. a scenic representation of a subject in its connection, Liv. 7, 2:

spectaculum, quo argumenta inferorum explicarentur,

Suet. Calig. 57.—Hence,

Meton. ( part for the whole), a poem in gen.:

explicare argumenti exitum,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 53:

hoc argumento se describi sentiat,

Phaedr. 4, 8; so id. 4, 16; 5, 3; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29 fin.:

sumque argumenti conditor ipse mei,

I am myself the subject of my poem, Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 10.—

Trop., intrinsic worth, reality, truth:

haec tota fabella... quam est sine argumento,

without value, reality, Cic. Cael. 27:

non sine argumento maledicere,

not without some reason, id. ib. 3 fin. —

The subject of artistic representations ( sculpture, painting, embroidery. etc.):

ex ebore diligentissime perfecta argumenta erant in valvis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56:

(cratera) fabricaverat Alcon Hyleus, et longo caelaverat argumento,

Ov. M. 13, 684; cf. id. ib. 2, 5 sq.:

vetus in telā deducitur argumentum,

id. ib. 6, 69; Verg. A. 7, 791:

Parrhasii tabulae,

Suet. Tib. 44.— In philos. lang., a conclusion, a syllogism:

Nam concludi non potest nisi iis, quae ad concludendum sumpta erunt, ita probatis ut falsa ejusdem modi nulla possint esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44 al.

aestĭmo (arch. aestŭ-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [from aes, with the termination -tumo, which also appears in autumo; cf.: legitumus, finitumus, maritumus; later, legitimus, finitimus, maritimus; compare the Goth. aistjan, to estimate].

To determine or estimate the extrinsic ( money) value of a thing, to value, rate, appraise; constr. with gen. or abl. (v. of price, Zumpt. §§

444 and 456): domum emit prope dimidio carius quam aestimabat,

Cic. Dom. 44:

frumentum III denariis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 92:

aliquid tenuissime,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

prata magno,

id. Par. 6, 3:

perfecit (Aratus) aestimandis possessionibus, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 23, 82; hence, litem alicui or alicujus, to estimate the value of an object in question, and thus determine how much the convicted person shall pay, to estimate or assess the damages; cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 38, and Beier ad Cic. Oratt. Fragm. Exc. IV. p. 265; Cic. Verr. l. l.—

Trop., to estimate the intrinsic ( moral) worth of a thing, to weigh, value, hold, etc. (while existimare, as a consequence of aestimare, signifies to judge a thing in any way after estimating its value: ex pretio rei judicare; cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 3, 4; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 17; Corte and Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 41; 34, 2; and aestimator).— Constr.

That which serves as a standard by which a thing is estimated with ex or the abl.:

vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimant,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10:

aliquem ex artificio comico,

id. ib.:

cum in Aquitaniam pervenisset, quae pars, ex tertiā parte Galliae est aestimanda, etc.,

i. e. is to be reckoned as a third part, Caes. B. G. 3, 20:

amicitias inimicitiasque non ex re, sed ex commodo,

Sall. C. 10, 5.—With simple abl.:

virtutem annis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48: aliquid vitā, to measure a thing by life, i. e. to hold it as dear as life, Curt. 5, 5:

nec Macedonas veteri famā, sed praesentibus viribus aestimandos,

Just. 30, 4.—

The value attached to a thing in estimating it, in the gen. or abl. pretii (cf. I.); poet. also with acc. nihil:

auctoritatem alicujus magni,

Cic. Att. 7, 15: quod non minoris aestimamus quam quemlibet triumphum, Nep. Cat. 1:

aliquid unius assis,

Cat. 5, 2:

aliquid permagno,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

non magno,

id. Fin. 3, 3, 11; so id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8:

non nihilo aestimandum,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 62:

magno te aestimaturum,

Liv. 40, 55:

magno aestimantibus se,

id. 40, 41. And with definite numerals which give the price-current for which a thing may be had; cf. Zumpt. § 456; Sall. Fragm. p. 974 Corte:

denis in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimari,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

emori nolo, sed me esse mortuum nihil aestimo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15.—

Among the histt. with a rel. clause.:

aestimantibus, quanta futuri spe tam magna tacuisset,

Tac. Agr. 18 fin.:

quantopere dilectus sit, facile est aestimare,

Suet. Aug. 57 (but in Sall. J. 31, 19, the correct read. is existumabitis, Dietsch).

aestĭmo (arch. aestŭ-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [from aes, with the termination -tumo, which also appears in autumo; cf.: legitumus, finitumus, maritumus; later, legitimus, finitimus, maritimus; compare the Goth. aistjan, to estimate].

To determine or estimate the extrinsic ( money) value of a thing, to value, rate, appraise; constr. with gen. or abl. (v. of price, Zumpt. §§

444 and 456): domum emit prope dimidio carius quam aestimabat,

Cic. Dom. 44:

frumentum III denariis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 92:

aliquid tenuissime,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

prata magno,

id. Par. 6, 3:

perfecit (Aratus) aestimandis possessionibus, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 23, 82; hence, litem alicui or alicujus, to estimate the value of an object in question, and thus determine how much the convicted person shall pay, to estimate or assess the damages; cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 38, and Beier ad Cic. Oratt. Fragm. Exc. IV. p. 265; Cic. Verr. l. l.—

Trop., to estimate the intrinsic ( moral) worth of a thing, to weigh, value, hold, etc. (while existimare, as a consequence of aestimare, signifies to judge a thing in any way after estimating its value: ex pretio rei judicare; cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 3, 4; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 17; Corte and Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 41; 34, 2; and aestimator).— Constr.

That which serves as a standard by which a thing is estimated with ex or the abl.:

vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimant,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10:

aliquem ex artificio comico,

id. ib.:

cum in Aquitaniam pervenisset, quae pars, ex tertiā parte Galliae est aestimanda, etc.,

i. e. is to be reckoned as a third part, Caes. B. G. 3, 20:

amicitias inimicitiasque non ex re, sed ex commodo,

Sall. C. 10, 5.—With simple abl.:

virtutem annis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48: aliquid vitā, to measure a thing by life, i. e. to hold it as dear as life, Curt. 5, 5:

nec Macedonas veteri famā, sed praesentibus viribus aestimandos,

Just. 30, 4.—

The value attached to a thing in estimating it, in the gen. or abl. pretii (cf. I.); poet. also with acc. nihil:

auctoritatem alicujus magni,

Cic. Att. 7, 15: quod non minoris aestimamus quam quemlibet triumphum, Nep. Cat. 1:

aliquid unius assis,

Cat. 5, 2:

aliquid permagno,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

non magno,

id. Fin. 3, 3, 11; so id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8:

non nihilo aestimandum,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 62:

magno te aestimaturum,

Liv. 40, 55:

magno aestimantibus se,

id. 40, 41. And with definite numerals which give the price-current for which a thing may be had; cf. Zumpt. § 456; Sall. Fragm. p. 974 Corte:

denis in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimari,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

emori nolo, sed me esse mortuum nihil aestimo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15.—

Among the histt. with a rel. clause.:

aestimantibus, quanta futuri spe tam magna tacuisset,

Tac. Agr. 18 fin.:

quantopere dilectus sit, facile est aestimare,

Suet. Aug. 57 (but in Sall. J. 31, 19, the correct read. is existumabitis, Dietsch).